Skip to content
← Plant Database

American Elm

Ulmus americana

Also listed as Ulmus floridana, Ulmus alba

Also known as White Elm, Water Elm

tree☀️ full sun💧💧 moderate water❄ Hardy: Zone 2a – Zone 9b

Climate Match for your location

See how well American Elm grows in your area.

Enter your ZIP code and we'll show you how this plant fits your local climate.

A large native deciduous shade tree with graceful arching branches and attractive vase-like form, featuring distinctive small flowers in spring and golden fall color. Once a dominant landscape tree, it is susceptible to Dutch elm disease but remains valued for its elegant structure and rapid growth.

Why grow it

American elm offers rapid growth and a distinctive vase-shaped silhouette that is difficult to replicate with disease-resistant alternatives, making it valuable where Dutch elm disease pressure is manageable or in regions with lower disease incidence. Its deep root system and ability to thrive in varied soil conditions give it advantages over some ornamental shade trees in establishing quickly on difficult sites. Where viable, it remains a superior choice for large-scale shade and windbreak applications compared to slower-growing replacements.

Watch out for

Young trees benefit from consistent moisture during establishment and respond poorly to compacted soil conditions common in urban settings. Pruning should follow a disciplined approach, as heavy or topping cuts can create weak crotches prone to storm damage and may stress trees already managing disease pressure.

Overview

Form
Spreading
Growth Rate
fast
Size
60–120′ tall × 40–60′ wide
Dormancy
deciduous
Family
Ulmaceae
Biomass and mulchErosion controlWindbreak
Coppicing

Native to the United States

Native Range

Eastern North America

Native to: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming

Seasonality

Season of Interest

SpringFall

Similar canopy trees you might consider:

Enter your ZIP code to see top native species and strong climate fits for you.

Companion Planting

Plants well with