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Canada Mayflower

Maianthemum canadense

Also listed as Unifolium canadense, Convallaria canadensis

Also known as Canadian Mayflower, Wild Lily-of-the-valley, False Lily-of-the-valley

herbaceousβ›… part shadeπŸ’§πŸ’§ moderate water❄ Hardy: Zone 1a – Zone 8b

Climate Match for your location

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A delicate woodland groundcover with heart-shaped leaves and small white flowers in late spring, followed by red berries that ripen to black. Excellent for shaded garden beds and naturalized areas.

Why grow it

Canada mayflower spreads more slowly and densely than some competing woodland groundcovers, making it useful for stabilizing shaded slopes or filling gaps beneath established trees where faster spreaders might overwhelm neighboring plants. Its two-ranked, heart-shaped leaves provide distinctive fine texture, and the progression from white spring flowers to red then black berries extends seasonal interest. Unlike many shade groundcovers, it tolerates the dry conditions found under large tree canopies once established.

Watch out for

This species prefers consistently moist, humus-rich soil and may decline in persistently dry shade or compacted sites. Establishment from divisions or seed can be slow, requiring patience in the first season or two before reliable spreading begins.

Overview

Form
Spreading
Growth Rate
moderate
Size
0.5–1β€² tall Γ— 1–2β€² wide
Dormancy
deciduous
Family
Asparagaceae
Edible

Native to the United States

Native Range

Eastern North America

Native to: Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming

Seasonality

Bloom Season

J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D

Harvest Season

J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D

Edible Parts

fruitleaf

Season of Interest

SpringSummer

Similar ground covers you might consider:

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Companion Planting

Plants well with