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Frémont Cottonwood

Populus fremontii

Also known as Frémont's Cottonwood, Fremont Cottonwood, Alamo Cottonwood

tree☀️ full sun💧💧💧 high water❄ Hardy: Zone 5b – Zone 10b

Climate Match for your location

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A fast-growing, large deciduous tree native to the southwestern United States, valued for its broad spreading canopy and tolerance of arid riparian environments. It produces fluffy white catkins in spring and requires consistent moisture to thrive.

Why grow it

Fremont cottonwood is notably more drought-tolerant than most other Populus species once established, making it a reasonable choice for water-limited riparian restoration in the Southwest. It grows faster than native oaks or ashes in its range, providing quicker canopy cover and wildlife habitat. Compared to introduced shade trees, it requires less supplemental irrigation in arid climates where its native range overlaps with land use.

Watch out for

The tree produces substantial leaf litter and relies on consistent groundwater or supplemental irrigation during dry periods; planting in truly dry upland sites typically results in poor establishment. Surface roots can interfere with nearby structures and hardscaping, so allow adequate space away from buildings and pavement. Cottonwoods tend toward weak branch angles and shed dead wood regularly, making them unsuitable for yards where overhead hazard management is impractical.

Overview

Form
Spreading
Growth Rate
fast
Size
40–90′ tall × 40–60′ wide
Dormancy
deciduous
Family
Salicaceae
Biomass and mulchErosion controlWindbreak
Coppicing

Native to the United States

Native Range

Southwestern United States

Native to: Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas, Utah

Seasonality

Season of Interest

Spring

Similar canopy trees you might consider:

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Companion Planting

Plants well with