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Black Oak

Quercus velutina

Also listed as Quercus discolor, Quercus leiodermis

Also known as Eastern Black Oak, Quercitron Oak, Yellow Oak

tree☀️ full sun💧💧 moderate water❄ Hardy: Zone 4a – Zone 9b

Climate Match for your location

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A large deciduous oak native to eastern North America, valued for its dark, deeply lobed leaves that turn rich burgundy-red in fall. It grows vigorously in full sun and is tolerant of various soil conditions once established.

Why grow it

Black oak grows more rapidly than many eastern oak species and develops stronger fall color than related species like red oak or pin oak, making it useful where quick canopy establishment is desired. It tolerates poor and compacted soils better than most oaks once established, which can simplify site preparation on degraded land. The dense canopy and acorn production support wildlife, though acorn yield varies by year and site.

Watch out for

Young trees benefit from consistent watering during establishment, as drought stress can slow growth and make them more susceptible to pests like oak gall wasps. The bark collects dust and can look dull in polluted or very dry environments, requiring occasional consideration in maintenance planning. Like most oaks, it is slow to mature and may not produce significant acorn crops for 15-20 years.

Overview

Form
Rounded
Growth Rate
moderate
Size
50–80′ tall × 50–80′ wide
Dormancy
deciduous
Family
Fagaceae
EdibleDynamic accumulatorBiomass and mulchErosion controlWindbreak
Coppicing

Native to the United States

Native Range

Eastern North America

Native to: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia

Seasonality

Season of Interest

SpringFall

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Companion Planting

Plants well with